Screen Printing (Serigraphy, Silkscreen)
Definition
Screen Printing (Serigraphy, Silkscreen) is a printing technique that uses a mesh screen to transfer ink onto a surface, such as fabric or paper. It is a process where a stencil is created on the screen, allowing ink to pass through only in specific areas. This method is popular for producing vibrant, detailed designs and is widely used in various industries, from fashion to fine art.
How It’s Used in Printmaking
Screen printing is applied in printmaking by first creating a stencil on a mesh screen. The artist or printer places the screen over the desired surface and applies ink with a squeegee. The ink passes through the open areas of the stencil, creating the design. This method relates to relief printing, as both involve transferring ink, but differs in technique. Screen printing is accessible for beginners and offers advanced techniques for professionals, allowing for intricate designs and multiple colours in one print.
History & Origins
Screen printing has its roots in ancient China, where it was used as early as the Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD). The technique spread to Japan, where it became known as “serigraphy.” In the 20th century, artists like Andy Warhol popularised screen printing in the West, using it to create iconic artworks. This method has evolved into a significant part of both commercial and fine art traditions, reflecting cultural movements and artistic innovation.
Variations & Related Terms
There are several variations of screen printing, including water-based and plastisol inks, each offering different finishes and textures. Compared to other printmaking techniques like lithography and intaglio, screen printing is more versatile and allows for bold colours and designs. It is especially effective for producing large quantities of prints quickly.
- See also: Relief Printing
- See also: Lithography
- See also: Intaglio
Modern Applications
Today, screen printing is widely used in various fields, including fashion, advertising, and art. Many artists and businesses have adapted the technique to include eco-friendly inks and materials, responding to environmental concerns. Digital advancements have also influenced screen printing, allowing for more precision and creativity. Both hobbyists and professional printmakers continue to find value in this versatile method.
Practical Tips & Products
When choosing materials for Screen Printing (Serigraphy, Silkscreen), consider the type of ink, the mesh count of the screen, and the surface you will print on. Safety is important, so use gloves and work in a well-ventilated area. For beginners, kits from Hickman Design can provide everything needed to get started, including screens, inks, and instructions.
